New drug shows promise slowing tumour growth in some hard-to-treat cancers
Scientists at Sinai Health and the University of Toronto say a new drug designed to block an enzyme essential for the survival of certain cancer cells shows promise in curbing tumour growth.
The preclinical findings, , describe a new drug designed with CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing technology in the lab of Daniel Durocher, a senior investigator at Sinai Health鈥檚 (LTRI) and a professor of molecular genetics in 麻豆视频鈥檚 Temerty Faculty of Medicine.
The researchers identified genes that are essential for the viability of CCNE1 amplified cancer cells, which are characteristic of some hard-to-treat ovarian, endometrial and bladder cancers. They found the enzyme PKMYT1 is essential in CCNE1 amplified cells, but not in otherwise healthy cells. In collaboration with precision oncology company Repare Therapeutics, the team developed a drug called RP-6306, which blocks PKMYT1 activity and effectively kills the cancer cell.
鈥淭hese cancer cells depend on the PKMYT1 enzyme to survive,鈥 said Durocher. 鈥淥ur preclinical data show enormous promise in the drug RP-6306鈥檚 ability to target these types of tumours and profoundly inhibit tumour growth.鈥
Currently, tumors with CCNE1 amplification have very few therapeutic options. David Gallo, a senior scientist at Repare Therapeutics, said they鈥檝e been able to demonstrate that RP-6306 is both potent and selective for oral use in humans.
鈥淕ynecological and other solid tumours with amplifications of CCNE1 are notoriously resistant to current standard-of-care treatments,鈥 said Gallo, co-first author on the Nature paper. 鈥淭here is a dire need to find new options for these patients.鈥
The work was a close collaboration between the Durocher lab and Repare Therapeutics. Durocher founded Repare Therapeutics in 2016 alongside Frank Sicheri, also a Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute senior investigator who is a professor of molecular genetics and biochemistry at 麻豆视频.
The company is built on the concept of synthetic lethality, a process that incorporates functional genomics to discover genetic vulnerabilities to specific cancer mutations.
鈥淭his close collaboration between our group and Repare highlights how industry and academia can work together to discover new treatment options for cancer patients,鈥 said Durocher. 鈥淚t鈥檚 rare that a new target is published alongside a launched clinical trial. This speaks volumes about the innovative capacity of the LTRI and its collaborators.鈥
Repare Therapeutics has initiated Phase I clinical trials in patients with CCNE1 amplified solid tumours, with initial results expected in late 2022.
The research was funded by Repare Therapeutics and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research.
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